The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has published a detailed risk assessment examining the ethical production of beef, focusing on transportation and slaughter processes. This research was conducted in light of the European Union’s robust animal welfare regulations, which seek to minimise the stress and suffering experienced by food-producing animals at pivotal points in the supply chain.

The paper outlines the legislative framework within the EU, particularly Regulations 1/2005 and 1099/2009, which mandate the protection of animal welfare during transport and slaughter. These laws are part of a wider commitment to the ethical treatment of livestock and ensure that welfare standards align with food safety and public health objectives.

The research focused on developing and testing an innovative prototype cattle path designed to reduce stress and injury during handling. This eco-friendly prototype was made from multilayer pressed cardboard. The material’s resistance to compression, tearing, humidity and trampling was tested in real slaughterhouse conditions.

Preliminary observations indicated that cattle using the prototype path exhibited fewer signs of stress and did not require electric prods, in contrast to control groups on standard pathways. Biochemical markers, including cortisol and beta-endorphin levels, also indicated that cattle moved along the new path configuration experienced lower stress levels, highlighting potential welfare benefits.

The study emphasises that evidence-based handling practices and the thoughtful design of handling environments can improve animal welfare, meat quality and operational safety. It also highlights the importance of aligning practical innovations with EU legal requirements and scientific principles in order to modernise approaches to livestock management.

See more:

https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2025.e231116